Slidable side jaw socket wrench



July 24, 1951 J. PEHRSSQN SLIDABLE SIDE JAW SOCKET WRENCH Filed May 21, 1947 'V-V of Fi 2.

Patented July 24, 1951 I UNITED snares OFFICE 2,562,065 SLIDABLE SIDE AW SOCKET WRENCH Johan Pehrsson, Stockholm Sweden Application May 21, 1947, Serial N... 749,540

2 Claims. (01. 81 4.26)-

This invention relates to slidable side jaw sockets wrenches with a stationary jaw and an adjustable jaw the distance between the jaws I being adjustable by means of a worm or screw.

The primary object of the invention is the proon the work. A further object is the provision of means which will prevent unintentional movement or play of the adjusting worm.

These and otherobjects of the invention will be made clear by the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing illustrating an embodiment of the invention. In the drawing, Figs. 1 and 2 are side elevations of the wrench, a cover plate being removed from the head of the wrench. according to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view of the head portion of the wrench. Fig. 4 is a section on the line IVIV of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows a fragmentary section on the line The wrench comprises a head I and' a handle 2, and this handle is pivoted to the head by a pin 3. head I. One of these rivets also serves as pivot 3 for the handle 2, another rivet serves as clamping pin 6 for a leaf spring I, and still another rivet serves as supporting pin 5 for the handle 2. As is usual the wrench head I is provided with a stationary jaw 8 and a movable jaw 9, the latter being adjustable towards and from the stationary jaw 8 by a screw or worm Ill engaging a rack portion 9' of the movable jaw 9. Worm I0 is rotatably journalled in the head I on a carrying shaft or spindle 12 which is slidable longitudinally in suitable guide ways II in the head I (Fig. 1) in the directions of movement of the adjustablejaw 9, but not rotatable in the head. One end portion of the shaft I2 (the link portion according to Fig. 1) engages directly with the guide ways II of the head I, and this end portion is provided with a recess I3 with which a tooth or projection I4 on the end of the handle 2 permanently engages. This permanent articulated connection may, of course, also consist of A cover plate 4 is attached by rivets to the with the guide ways II of the head I by means .of a sleeve or socket l5 on said portion of the shaft. This sleeve or socket is slidable together with the carrying shaft I2 but not rotatable in the guide ways. The extreme or right end of the socket I5 is recessed to receive a coil spring I6 which by means of a nut IT on the adjacent threaded end of the shaft I2 is forced against the socket I5 which, in turn, is forced against the worm III.. Thus, the socket I5 will exert a permanent braking pressure on the worm I0 so that in use of the wrench unintentional rotation of the worm and loosening of the grip of the wrench on the work is prevented. Between the head I and handle 2 a leaf spring I (Fig, 1) is provided tending to hold the handle 2 in contact with the stop pin 5 or other stop member in the head I forobtaining a suitable position of the head I in relation to the handle 2 in the adjustment of the distance between the jaws, for a grip on the nut or' screw and. in reverse movement when a new grip on the nut or screw is to be taken. One end portion of the leaf spring I is forced against-the handle 2 and the other end portion or, the spring is clamped between the pin 5 and a pm I8 in the head I. This latter pin I8, engaging with the extreme end of the spring, is provided with screw threads engaging with corresponding threads in a hole in the cover plate 4 as shown particularly by Fig. 5. Thus the pin I8 may be easily removed if the leaf spring I must be'replaced by a new one. The end portion of the handle 2 adjacent to the shaft I2 (Fig. 1)

is provided with a stop surface I9 adapted to contact with the shaft I2 in a certain position of the handle. The position of the stop surface "IS in relation to the shaft l2 determines the size of the greatest reverse movement of the handle 2. The head I including the cover plate 4 is extended rearwardly in the longitudinal direction of the handle 2 and. this rear extension which may be of various lengths, terminates in a tongue 20 for opening by hand if such is desired. The tongue 20 extends somewhat laterally of the handle 2 for movement of the head I by the operators hand or finger until the stop pin 5 contacts the handle, if such manual operation of the head is desired. The head I with the cover plate .4 is provided with bevelled surfaces (Figs. 2 and 4.) about the worm III which enable a good grip for the operator when the opening several teeth or a toothed segment engaging with 7 corresponding recesses or a rack formed on the shaft I2. The portion of the shaft I2 at the opposite end of the worm I0 engages indirectly between the jaws is to be adjusted by rotation of the worm.

The pivot pin 3 of the handle 2 in different sizes of the wrench is so located that the handle 2 forms a lever of a certain length. Obviously the two jaws of the wrench in the operation thereof for tightening of a nut or screw are actuated by forces that are directed opposite to each other.

The handle lever should be of such a length that the resultant of these forces, which actuate the adjusting member ID in operation only by means of the handle or by means of the handle and the head in the grip on the nut or screw in the calculated greatest strain for sliding apart of the jaws, is equal to zero or more than zero with the excess of the force acting in the adjustment direction of the movable jaw 9 towards the stationary jaw 8.

The supporting or stop pin 5 inthe head :I is

so located in relation to the pivot pin 3 of the handle 2 that these two pins in cooperation will prevent the handle 2 from jamming the worm ID in the head I whereby the adjustments will be easily effected. Said pins also hold the handle 2 in such a normal or resting positionin relation to the head I that the wrench will be strong and durable should the wrench be used as ahammer since in such use the strains will be taken up by the two pins.

As is evident by the description, after a turning of the nut or screw by the wrench the opening between the jaws can be increased in a simple and efficient manner by reverse movement of the handle 2 which by the shaft .12 andthe adjusting worm NJ moves the jaw 9 so that the jaws B, 9 can be moved .past the corners oi the nut or the screw head and cause the jaws .to get a new grip on the Work which can be tightened up or loosened continuously.

In the embodiment. shown the invention is applied to .a wrench in which the adjustable jaw 9 is movable in a direction forming an angle to the longitudinal direction of the handlelever 2, but

-it is evident that the invention .also may .be applied to a wrench theadjustable. jaw of which is movable substantially parallelwith the longi- :tudinal direction of the handle'2. Thus, the invention is not restricted to. wrenches-in which the distance between the jaws is adjustable substantially in the transversedirection ofthe handle 2. Also other details of the wrench may be varied without departing from the spirito-f the invention.

WhatI claim is:

1. A wrench comprising in combination, a head; a stationary jaw-formed on said head; a single handle constituting a level; :an angular guideway formed in said headya .shaftaxially slidable in said guideway; two angular portions disposed at either end of saidshaft so .as to lock the same against rotation, the first of said angular portions formed with an end recess in its outer end, and the second of said angular portions formed with a lateral recess in a lateral face thereof; a worm rotatably mounted on said shaft intermediately of said angular portions; 9, slidable jaw; a thread formed on said slidable jaw and being engaged by said worm for adjustment of the slidable jaw relatively to the stationary jaw; a coil spring extending into said end recess in said first angular portion and acting against the latter so as to force it against said worm to prevent undesired rotation of the latter; a projection formed on the inner end of said handle, the said projection extending into said lateral recess in said second angular portion; and means for swingably supporting said handle on said head whereby said shaft, worm and slidable jaw may be moved toward and away from said stationary jaw by mere swinging of the handle relatively to the head.

2. A wrench comprising in combination, I a head; a stationary jaw formed on said head; a single handle constituting a lever; a shaft locked against rotation and axially slidably associated with said head and extending at an angle to said handle; a worm rotatably mounted on said shaft; a slidable jaw; rack teeth formed on said slidable jaw and being engaged by said worm for adjust ment of the slidable jaw relatively to the stationary jaw; means for swingably supporting said handle on said head; a stop provided on said head; two spaced pins provided on said head; a leaf spring being clamped with one of its .ends between said spaced pins so as to be in abutment with its major faces with the lateral faces of said pins, the other end of said leaf spring engaging said handle so as to resiliently force it against said stop; and an articulated connection between said handle and said shaft whereby said shaft, worm and slidable jaw may be moved toward and away from said stationaryjaw by mere swinging of the handle relatively to the head.

JOHAN PE'HRSSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Day May .2, 

